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#immunity

4 posts4 participants0 posts today
Public
Charrvein

Human defense peptides

Guðmundur H Guðmundsson

Host defense peptide expression improve the epithelial barrier

"Our studies on innate immunity with emphasis on front line defenses have unfolded key components in our innate immunity. Among the components is the sole human cathelicidin containing the host defense peptide LL-37"

It all started with a moth

#immunity #ll37 #cathelicidin #evolution #Iceland #biology #UniversityIceland

english.hi.is/bmc-seminar-host

Public
flypapers

📰 "Layers of immunity: Deconstructing the Drosophila effector response"
biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20
#Drosophila #Immunity #Toll

bioRxiv · Layers of immunity: Deconstructing the Drosophila effector responseThe host innate immune response relies on the cooperation of multiple defense modules. In insects and other arthropods, which have only innate immune mechanisms, four main immune-specific modules contribute to defense against microbial invaders: the Toll pathway, the Imd pathway, the melanization response, and phagocytosis by plasmatocytes. Our present understanding of their relative importance remains fragmented, as their contribution to host defense has never been simultaneously assessed across a large panel of pathogens. Here, we have taken advantage of newly-described immune mutants in a controlled genetic background to systematically delete these four immune modules individually, in pairs, or all four simultaneously. Surprisingly, flies simultaneously deficient in all four immune modules are viable, homozygous fertile, and display no overt morphological defects, suggesting these immune mechanisms are not strictly required for organismal development. With this new set of lines, we assessed the individual and collective contribution of each module to host defense against five viruses, three fungi, eight Gram-positive bacteria, and eight Gram-negative bacteria. Our findings show that these four modules largely function independently or additively in host defense, although synergistic effects can occur for select pairs of modules. Our study confirmed the importance of the Imd pathway against Gram-negative bacteria and the Toll pathway against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, largely via the induction of effectors such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and Bomanins (Bom), but also reveals an important role of melanization against viruses, and a contribution of phagocytosis against various germs. Additionally, by examining microbial load kinetics in different mutants, we provide insight into how these modules contribute to tolerance or resistance against specific microbes. Our study provides insights into the architecture of the Drosophila immune system, revealing differential requirements of immune modules according to each pathogen. The set of immune deficient lines provided here offers tools to better assess the role of these immune modules in host defense. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
Continued thread
Public
Nonilex

#DOJ Exhibit 1:

“I, C.Salvatore D'Alessio, Jr, Dir, Torts Branch, Civil Division, US DOJ,…hereby certify that I have read the Amended Complaint in this action. On the basis of the information now available w/respect to the claims set forth therein, I find that Donald J. Trump was acting within the scope of federal office or employment at the time of the incidents out of which the plaintiffs' claims arose.”

Bullshit

#law #BlassingameVTrump #SCOTUS #immunity #Trump #Jan6
storage.courtlistener.com/reca

Exhibit 1 of DOJ’s new filing: “I, C. Salvatore D'Alessio, Jr., Director, Torts Branch, Civil Division, United States Department of Justice, acting pursuant to the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 2679(d), and by virtue of the authority vested in me by 28 C.F.R. § 15.4, hereby certify that I have read the Amended Complaint in this action. On the basis of the information now available with respect to the claims set forth therein, I find that Donald J. Trump was acting within the scope of federal office or employment at the time of the incidents out of which the plaintiffs' claims arose.”
Continued thread
Public
Nonilex

#Trump is currently trying to use the shield of presidential #immunity to snuff out these 8 consolidated lawsuits. Opposing lawyers countered in Feb with a 55-pg court filing that was supported by 186 exhibits.

3 of those apparently involve #DanScavino, who’s now trying to keep them from going public.

#law
Public
Kim Perales

Encouraging: "WH press secretary Karoline Leavitt just said the administration is not planning any further deportation flights to El Salvador."
-R Sollenberg

"Karoline Leavett was just humiliated on LIVE TV:

Leavitt: “The judge is a Democratic activist judge appointed by Obama.”

Reporter: “He was originally appointed by GW Bush.”
-Call to Activism

Trump must realize that SC CJ Roberts isn't going to give him carte blanche. He doesn't have absolute #immunity.

WH SPOX Leavitt:
#Deportations#Trump#DHS
Public
flypapers

📰 "A tumor-suppressive role of the PRC1 Polycomb epigenetic complex in the maintenance of adult Drosophila intestinal stem cell identity"
biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20
#Drosophila #Immunity #Adult
#Toll

bioRxiv · A tumor-suppressive role of the PRC1 Polycomb epigenetic complex in the maintenance of adult Drosophila intestinal stem cell identityChromatin modulators, like Polycomb group proteins, are key epigenetic regulators of gene expression and are frequently mutated in cancers. In adult stem cells, epigenetic regulation maintains their identity and controls their differentiation during homeostasis or aging, but its direct role in tumorigenesis remains unclear. This work explores the function of Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) in adult Drosophila intestinal stem cells (ISCs). Disrupting core PRC1 components in ISCs induces the formation of small cell clusters devoid of intestinal markers, a novel phenotype linked to premature mortality under stress. Notably, transient PRC1 loss is sufficient for cluster formation. These clusters overproliferate and exhibit immortality in serial transplantations, leading to their designation as tumor-initiating intestinal cells (TIICs). While JAK/STAT signaling promotes TIIC formation, the TOLL/IMD immune pathways restrict their expansion independently of cell death. Altogether, our results highlight PRC1 as an epigenetic tumor suppressor in adult intestinal stem cells. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
Public *
Kim Perales

"Taxpayers were not made fully whole for the millions of dollars of repairs & cleanup from the damage of the Capitol Insurrection.

After the Trump pardons of rioters, defendants are now seeking to get reimbursed from taxpayers for their court-ordered restitution payments"
-S MacFarland

Republican Senators & Reps are complicit, they're allowing Trump to do anything he pleases. What will change their minds? Will #SCOTUS continue to🚨grant #Trump absolute #immunity?

A legal document excerpt discussing a request for a refund of a $70 special assessment and a $500 restitution payment. The case is identified with the number 1:21-cr-00381-TSC, and the page is numbered 5.
#Jan6#Constitution#USPol
Public
Matthew Rimmer

Climate litigation - Environmental groups sound new alarm as fossil fuel lobby pushes for immunity theguardian.com/us-news/2025/m

Nearly 200 groups urge Congress to reject fossil fuel industry immunity efforts, fearing long-term damage to climate lawsuits

“Lawmakers must decisively reject any attempt by the fossil fuel industry to evade accountability and ensure both justice today and the right of future generations to hold polluters responsible for decades of deception,” said the missive, which is addressed to the House minority leader, Hakeem Jeffries, and Senate minority leader, Chuck Schumer.

Fossil fuel companies have vied for such a get-out-of-jail-free card for years.

The Guardian · Environmental groups sound new alarm as fossil fuel lobby pushes for immunityBy Dharna Noor
#environment#climate#pollution
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